Oracle 12C 首次安装
期待已久的Oracle 12C 终于发布了，我迫不及待的下载了介质，一睹风采。
下载地址：
或者直接到edelivery下载：V38500-01_1of2.zipV38500-01_2of2.zip官方安装文档地址：1、安装依赖包 对于linux5，官方给出的如下：
binutils-2.17.50.0.6compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (32 bit)gcc-4.1.2gcc-c++-4.1.2glibc-2.5-58glibc-2.5-58 (32 bit)glibc-devel-2.5-58glibc-devel-2.5-58 (32 bit)kshlibaio-0.3.106libaio-0.3.106 (32 bit)libaio-devel-0.3.106libaio-devel-0.3.106 (32 bit)libgcc-4.1.2libgcc-4.1.2 (32 bit)libstdc++-4.1.2libstdc++-4.1.2 (32 bit)libstdc++-devel 4.1.2libXext-1.0.1libXext-1.0.1 (32 bit)libXtst-1.0.1libXtst-1.0.1 (32 bit)libX11-1.0.3libX11-1.0.3 (32 bit)libXau-1.0.1libXau-1.0.1 (32 bit)libXi-1.0.1libXi-1.0.1 (32 bit)make-3.81sysstat-7.0.2
额外增加x86_64
1. compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)2. compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)3. gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)4. gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)5. glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)6. ksh <== any version of ksh is acceptable7. libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)8. libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
将安装光盘挂载到虚拟机，进入Server目录。使用rpm -qa查询包是否安装，使用rpm -ivh安装未安装的包
[root@ora12c Server]# pwd/media/OL5.7 x86_64 dvd 20110728/Server[root@ora12c Server]# rpm -qa compat-libstdc[root@ora12c Server]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpmcompat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.x86_64.rpm[root@ora12c Server]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpmwarning: compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159Preparing... ########################################### [100%] package compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386 is already installed[root@ora12c Server]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.x86_64.rpmwarning: compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159Preparing... ########################################### [100%] package compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.x86_64 is already installed
按照此方法将所有包安装
2、创建oracle用户和组
[root@ora12c Server]# groupadd oinstall[root@ora12c Server]# groupadd dba[root@ora12c Server]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle[root@ora12c Server]# passwd oracleChanging password for user oracle.New UNIX password:BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary wordRetype new UNIX password:passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
3、创建目录
[root@ora12c Server]# mkdir -p /oracle/[root@ora12c Server]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/[root@ora12c Server]# chmod -R 775 /oracle/
4、修改内核参数
在/etc/sysctl.conf文件下加入如下参数[root@ora12c Server]# vim /etc/sysctl.conffs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 536870912kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
/sbin/sysctl -p 使参数生效
[root@ora12c Server]# /sbin/sysctl -pfs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 536870912kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0kernel.sysrq = 0kernel.core_uses_pid = 1net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1kernel.msgmnb = 65536kernel.msgmax = 65536kernel.shmmax = 68719476736kernel.shmall = 4294967296
5、修改用户限制
在/etc/security/limits.conf加入相关配置[root@ora12c Server]# vim /etc/security/limits.conforacle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536oracle soft stack 10240oracle hard stack 10240
6、配置环境变量
在 .bash_profile配置如下变量oracle@ora12c ~]$ vim .bash_profileexport ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/12cexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/db1export ORACLE_SID=orcl12cexport PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/binexport EDITOR=/bin/vi
使配置文件生效
[oracle@ora12c ~]$ source .bash_profile7、ftp上传数据库安装文件(或者使用共享文件夹--虚拟机)
8、解压文件
#unzip V38500-01_1of2.zip#unzip V38500-01_2of2.zip9、运行OUI安装
#xhost +
#su - oracle
cd database./runInstaller下一步下一步 
Oracle linux上安装oracle 12c文档
配置
正在安装
root运行2个脚本
[root@ora12c Server]# cd /oracle/oraInventory/[root@ora12c oraInventory]# ./orainstRoot.shChanging permissions of /oracle/oraInventory.Adding read,write permissions for group.Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.Changing groupname of /oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.The execution of the script is complete.[root@ora12c oraInventory]# cd /oracle/12c/db1/[root@ora12c db1]# ./root.shPerforming root user operation for Oracle 12cThe following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= oracle ORACLE_HOME= /oracle/12c/db1Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ... Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ... Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...Creating /etc/oratab file...Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed byDatabase Configuration Assistant when a database is createdFinished running generic part of root script.Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
初始化数据库
在创建数据库时，12c会自动创建监听
[oracle@ora12c ~]$ lsnrctl statusLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on 27-JUN-2013 12:41:16Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))STATUS of the LISTENER------------------------Alias LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - ProductionStart Date 27-JUN-2013 12:01:32Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 39 min. 45 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /oracle/12c/db1/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /oracle/12c/diag/tnslsnr/ora12c/listener/alert/log.xmlListening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ora12c)(PORT=1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=ora12c)(PORT=5500))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/oracle/12c/admin/orcl12c/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))Services Summary...Service "orcl12c" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...Service "orcl12cXDB" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...Service "pdborcl12c" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...The command completed successfully
使用sqlplus连接数据库
[oracle@ora12c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jun 27 12:41:41 2013Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to:Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing optionsSQL> set linesize 150SQL> select * from v$version;BANNER CON_ID-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production 0PL/SQL Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production 0CORE 12.1.0.1.0 Production 0TNS for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production 0NLSRTL Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production 0
显示数据库版本